Are microRNA useful to predict prognosis in acute heart failure?

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a major cause of hospital admission in patients over 65 years of age (1). Despite improvements in the pharmacologic therapy, clinical outcome remain poor with 1-year mortality rates that reach 20–30% (2). The progression of HF is linked to numerous genetic and epigenetic factors (3), including small regions of highly conserved non-coding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs), that are important regulators of gene expression and modulate numerous processes implied in the pathophysiology of HF (4,5).